Mahatma Gandhi (1869–1948) was a leader of India’s nonviolent independence movement against British rule. Born in Porbandar, India, he studied law in London before becoming a political activist. Gandhi advocated for civil rights and social justice using nonviolent resistance, or Satyagraha, inspiring movements worldwide. His efforts led to India's independence in 1947. He promoted truth, nonviolence, and self-reliance, encouraging Indians to boycott British goods and institutions. Gandhi also worked to end untouchability and promote Hindu-Muslim unity. Assassinated in 1948, his legacy continues to inspire movements for peace, justice, and equality around the globe.
Lal Bahadur Shastri (1904–1966) was the second Prime Minister of India, known for his leadership during challenging times. Born in Uttar Pradesh, he played a key role in India’s freedom struggle, joining the Indian National Congress and participating in movements like the Salt Satyagraha. As Prime Minister, Shastri promoted self-reliance and introduced the slogan "Jai Jawan, Jai Kisan," highlighting the importance of soldiers and farmers. His leadership during the 1965 India-Pakistan War earned him national respect. Shastri passed away unexpectedly in 1966, but his legacy of simplicity, integrity, and dedication to the nation endures.
